Ctrl-A: Control-Driven Machine Learning using Adaptive Online Data Augmentation

arXiv:2603.21819v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce ControlAugment (Ctrl-A), an automated data augmentation algorithm for image-vision tasks, which incorporates principles from control theory for online adjustment of augmentation strength distributions during model training. Ctrl-A eliminates the need for initialization of individual augmentation strengths. Instead, augmentation strength distributions are dynamically, and individually, adapted during training based on a control-loop architecture and what we define as relative operation response curves. Using an operation-dependent update procedure provides Ctrl-A with the potential to reduce the use of augmentation operations that negatively impact model performance, alleviating the need to manually engineer augmentation policies for new image classification tasks. Experiments on the CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, SVHN-core, and Tiny ImageNet benchmark datasets using WideResNet-28-10 and ResNet architectures demonstrate that Ctrl-A provides competitive performance across a range of image classification benchmarks.