DeepSurvey: Agent-Oriented Automated Survey Generation with Analytical Depth and Citation Reliability

arXiv:2605.29522v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As scientific literature grows rapidly and research increasingly involves AI agents, automated survey generation has become a key capability for both agents and human researchers. For such agents, a survey serves as a primary knowledge source of a field prior to research. Since pretrained models already encode broad knowledge of established work, these consumers benefit more from analytical depth than from breadth alone; moreover, unsupported claims, once ingested as knowledge, can propagate into downstream research. However, existing systems tend to overemphasize coverage and presentation; they suffer from limited analytical depth due to reliance on abstracts and isolated paper processing, and from unreliable citations due to imprecise retrieval and post-hoc grounding. We present DeepSurvey, an agentic generation system that addresses both limitations. To enhance depth, DeepSurvey extracts structured keynotes, models cross-paper relationships through clustering and comparative analysis, and integrates a code-agent subsystem to recover implementation-level details. To fortify reliability, it combines citation-graph expansion with hybrid filtering for topic-focused retrieval, enforces evidence-constrained analysis and writing, and deploys multi-granularity agentic refinement to validate citation--claim alignment. Experiments show that DeepSurvey achieves the highest content score (8.34/10) and citation quality (recall and precision gains of 25.3\% and 35.2\% over the strongest baseline), generalizes more robustly across domains, and is preferred by domain experts over human-written surveys (83.3\% in overall quality, 100\% in content depth). Moreover, when a coding agent uses a survey as its only literature source, the agent equipped with DeepSurvey achieves the best performance among human-written and baseline-generated surveys.