Learning a Maximum Entropy Model for Visual Textures using Diffusion

arXiv:2606.17342v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Visual textures -- spatially homogeneous image regions containing repeated elements (e.g. a field of grass, the bark of a tree) -- are ubiquitous in visual scenes and provide important cues for recognizing and analyzing materials, surface geometry and objects. A number of existing texture models extract essential statistics from a single texture image, and can then generate high-quality samples that are visually similar to the original by matching these statistics. However, their statistics are either hand-designed or based on a network pretrained for another purpose (e.g., object recognition). Here, we develop the first principled method for unsupervised learning of a set of statistics that are used to constrain a maximum entropy probability model for texture. We leverage methods developed for generative diffusion models to derive training and sampling procedures, and compare these to the traditional method of sampling via matching the statistics. Despite the compactness of our trained model (512 statistics), it generates texture images whose quality is as good as or better than the current state-of-the-art model (~177k statistics), both visually and by quantitative perceptual scoring using DreamSim. Finally, we show that images generated from parameters lying along a line between the parameter vectors corresponding to two different reference textures are homogeneous textures with features that smoothly transition between those of the two references.